In this Guide you will learn:
Definição: Um adjetivo comparativo é um adjetivo que compara dois substantivos.
Example: The men are taller than the women.
Neste exemplo comparamos dois substantivos (os homens e as mulheres). O adjetivo nesta frase é “tall”, mas como estamos comparando dois substantivos, então precisamos usar o adjetivo comparativo “taller”. Isto é diferente de um adjetivo superlativo.Neste exemplo comparamos dois substantivos (os homens e as mulheres). O adjetivo nesta frase é “tall”, mas como estamos comparando dois substantivos, então precisamos usar o adjetivo comparativo “taller”. Isto é diferente de um adjetivo superlativo.
Definição: Um adjetivo superlativo é quando comparamos um substantivo com todos os outros substantivos.
Example: John is the tallest man in the world!
Então, você pode ver que no primeiro exemplo comparamos dois substantivos (homens e mulheres) e no segundo exemplo comparamos um substantivo (John) com todos os outros substantivos (as pessoas do mundo).
| Rule | Comparative Adjective | Exemplo |
|---|---|---|
|
1 syllable(short words) |
adjective +er |
I am taller than you. You are faster than me. |
|
2+ syllables (long words) |
more + adjective |
She is more beautiful than her mother. He is more intelligent than his brother. |
|
Words that end in Y |
-Y and +ier |
You are luckier than Peter. I am happier than my sister. |
Depois de formulários comparativos, usamos a palavra THAN. As formas comparativas são -er ou more. Usamos o -er terminando com um adjetivo de sílaba como: short, tall, cheap.
Exemplos:
I’m shorter than my brother.
These shoes are cheaper than the blue ones.
My sister is taller than me.
Quando os adjetivos são mais longos, usamos more como: beautiful, expensive, interesting.
Exemplos:
She is more inquisitive than her sister.
That neighbourhood is more dangerous than my neighbourhood.
She runs faster than I or She runs faster than me?
Como você pode ver no último exemplo, se estamos comparando duas pessoas, usamos um pronome objeto:
Exemplos:
My sister is taller than me. (object pronoun)
Alice is younger than her.
I’m faster than him.
I’m older than them.
They studied harder than us.
Neste caso, você tem que prestar atenção ao verbo tenso usado no verbo principal.
Exemplos:
You work harder than I do.
She ran faster than he did.
You’re taller than I am.
English possessive pronouns:
Exemplos:
Your phone is more expensive than my phone.
Or
Your phone is more expensive than mine.
Our car is older than your car.
Or
Our car is older than yours.
Também usamos -er terminando com adjetivos de duas sílabas terminadas em -y como em: easy, lucky, early and pretty.
This exam was easier than the last one.
I have to get up earlier.
This red dress is prettier than the white one.
Como podem ver, nós mudamos o -y por -ier.
Também usamos mais a palavra com advérbios que terminam em -ly como: slowly, carefully, clearly.
Exemplos
Could you drive more slowly?
You have to drive more carefully, this road is very dangerous.
Can you speak more clearly?
There are regular adjectives such as:
Young (younger)
Old (older)
Fast (faster)
And there are irregular adjectives too, such as:
Good / Well – better
Bad / Badly – worse
Far – further
In these cases we don’t add the -er ending or the word more. Read these examples:
She is better at swimming than me.
The movie is better than the book
My house is further than your house.
I feel worse than yesterday.
In some cases we can use the ending -er or more with two syllable adjectives especially with the following: clever, narrow, quiet, simple, shallow.
She’s cleverer.
She’s more clever.
In this case both options are correct.
Modifiers:
We can add words like: much, a lot, far (=a lot), a little, a bit, slightly to modify the amount.
I feel much better today.
Are you a bit better today?
This book is a bit more expensive than the other.
Now that she changed her job she’s a lot happier.
Better and better
We repeat the comparatives to express that something changes continuously.
If you study English every day you’ll get better and better.
Renting is getting more and more expensive these days.
You can use the definite article “the” before an adjective to say that one thing depends on another.
The sooner we leave the better.
The further you go out of the city the cheaper it gets.
The longer we wait the later we’ll be.
The … The ….
You can add expressions with two comparative adjectives. Such as:
The sooner the better. (= as soon as possible the better)
The younger, the better. ( = as young as possible the better)
Older refers to the comparative of old, we use it only when we compare.
My best friend is older than me.
Elder is used when you talk about people in your family. You can also use older.
My elder sister works in the pharmacy.
Do you have an elder brother?
Attention: we do not say “My sister is elder than me”
Nós usamos menos como o oposto de mais. Os adjetivos mudarão da mesma forma que antes, acrescentando -er ou menos em vez de mais.
Exemplos:
You are working less harder than I am.
The movie is less interesting.
You’re less busy than I am.
Remember to add the word less in all the sentences you make.
Lazy ends in a Y so if you remember the rules from above you will know that the comparative adjective of lazy is lazier.
Usamos adjetivos superlativos quando comparamos uma coisa (objeto / pessoa) com muitas, este objeto se destaca porque tem mais qualidade do que outros do mesmo grupo.
Para formar um superlativo você adiciona o artigo definido (the)e o final mais definitivo a adjetivos de uma sílaba, como: tall, young, old, great.
Para mais de dois adjetivos de sílabas você simplesmente adiciona o artigo definido (the)mais antes de adjetivos como: beautiful, interesting, amazing, brilliant
Exemplos:
I’m the youngest in my class.
Mark is the tallest in the basketball team.
This is the greatest book I’ve ever read.
This painting is the most beautiful in the whole gallery.
She is the most inspiring woman I’ve ever met.
It’s his most brilliant work so far.
Como você pode ver nos exemplos acima uma coisa (a painting, a woman, work) se destaca de um grupo ou período de tempo (the whole gallery, so far)
| Comparative adjectives | Superlative adjectives |
|---|---|
|
Used when we compare two things.
|
Used to compare more than two things. |
|
Form: more adjective /adjective -er + than |
Form: the + superlative adjective |
|
Examples: Alice is better at French than her friend. Travelling by plane is faster than travelling by car. Your phone is more expensive than mine. |
Examples: Alice is the best at French in the class Travelling by plane is the fastest way. Your phone is the most expensive one. |
A Complete the sentences with the comparative form.
B Complete the sentences using the from “the… the….” with the verb in brackets.
Here is a great game that you can play to practice comparative adjectives.
